Types of waves

All waves transfer energy by constant vibrations, But waves are different in many ways.Their are two main types of waves like transverse, and longitudinal wave. They can also combine  to form a surface wave. Transverse wave- Particles of a medium move to the direction of the wave is traveling. Longitudinal wave- Particles of the medium vibrate in the direction of of the wave motion.

Some waves can transfer energy without going through a medium. A visible light is an example and there's also many more like microwave ovens, and tvs. Electromagnetic waves don't need a medium They can go through matter along with air, water, and glass.